The German Anti-Doping Act forms the legal basis for the fight against doping in sport. It supplements the international rules of the World Anti-Doping Code and provides a national framework for prevention, control and sanctions. The law applies to all athletes, coaches, trainers and other persons involved in organized sport. At the heart of the implementation of the anti-doping regulations is the National Anti-Doping Agency, which is responsible for testing, education and the implementation of procedures. The legal framework is contained in the Federal Anti-Doping Act and in the statutes of the sports associations. Important components of the legislation are the prohibition of certain substances and methods, the athletes’ reporting obligations and the rules for out-of-competition testing. The list of prohibited substances is updated annually and is based on the recommendations of the World Anti-Doping Agency. Violations of the anti-doping regulations can have consequences under both criminal and sports law. At a sporting level, the rules provide for sanctions such as suspension from competition, return of titles and prize money. Criminal law focuses on the acquisition of doping substances and the manipulation of doping tests. The law also provides special protection for whistleblowers who report anti-doping rule violations. Another important aspect is prevention work, which includes information campaigns and education programs. Sports organizations are obliged to inform their members about the risks and consequences of doping. Special rules apply to young athletes who require special protection due to their age. Cooperation between authorities and sports organizations is a central component of German anti-doping policy. However, critics point to problems in implementation, particularly in the harmonization of rules between different sports and associations. The development of new doping methods requires constant adaptation of control procedures and the legal framework. Overall, the German Anti-Doping Act takes a clear stance against unfair methods in sport and creates the conditions for clean competitions. However, the effectiveness of the measures depends on consistent application and international cooperation. The discussion about further improving the system, for example in the area of prevention or sanctions, remains an important sports policy issue.
